The Rector Institute was a 23rd and 24th century institution of higher learning and scientific study on planet Earth.
History and specifics
The Rector Institute was responsible for the study and safekeeping of the Malkus Artifacts, starting with the discovery of the first artifact in 2266. (TOS - The Brave and the Bold, Book One novella: The First Artifact)
In the 2370s, Jeremy Aster pursued his doctorate in archaeology at the Rector Institute. (TNG novel: Diplomatic Implausibility)